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Foreword
As
we are walking into the 21st century, ¡°health for
all¡± is still an important task for the World Health
Organization (WHO) to accomplish in the new century. The
realization of ¡°health for all¡± requires mutual
cooperation and concerted efforts of various medical
sciences, including traditional medicine. WHO has
increasingly emphasized the development of traditional
medicine and has made fruitful efforts to promote its
development. Currently the spectrum of diseases is
changing and an increasing number of diseases are
difficult to cure. The side effects of chemical drugs
have become more and more evident. Furthermore, both the
governments an peoples in all countries are faced with
the problem of high cost of medical treatment.
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the complete system
of traditional medicine in the world with unique theory
and excellent clinical curative effects, basically meets
the need to solve such problems. Therefore, bringing TCM
into full play in medical treatment and healthcare will
certainly become one of the hot points in the world
medical business in the 21st century.
Various
aspects of work need to be done to promote the course of
the internationalization of TCM, especially the
compilation of works and textbooks suitable for
international readers. The impending new century has
witnessed the compilation of
such a series of books known as A Newly
Compiled Practical English-Chinese Library of
Traditional Chinese Medicine published by the
Publishing House of Shanghai University of TCM. Compiled
by Nanjing University of TCM and translated by Shanghai
University of TCM. Professor Zuo Yanfu, the general
compiler-in-chief of this Library, is a person who sets
his mind on the international dissemination of TCM. He
has compiled General Survey on TCM abroad, a
monograph on the development and state of TCM abroad.
This Library is another important works written by the
experts organized by him with the support of Nanjing
University of TCM and Shanghai University of TCM. The
compilation of this Library is doe with consummate
ingenuity and according to the development of TCM
abroad. The compilers, based on the premise of
preserving the genuineness and gist of TCM, have tried
to make the contents concise, practical and easy to
understand making great efforts to introduce the
abstruse ideas of TCM in a scientific and simple way as
well as expounding the prevention and treatment of
diseases which are commonly encountered abroad and can
be effectively treated by TCM.
This
Library encompasses a systematic summarization of the
teaching experience accumulated in Nanjing University of
TCM and Shanghai University of TCM that run the
collaborating centers of traditional medicine and the
international training centers on acupuncture and
moxibustion set by WHO. I am sure that the publication
of this Library will further promote the development of
traditional Chinese medicine abroad and enable the whole
world to have a better understanding of traditional
Chinese medicine..
Professor
Zhu Qingsheng
Vice-Minister
of health Ministry of the People¡¯s Republic of China
Director
of the State Administrative Bureau of TCM
December
14, 2000 Beijing
Foreword
¢ò
Before
the existence of the modern medicine, human beings
depended solely on herbal medicines and other
therapeutic methods to treat diseases and preserve
health. Such a practice gave rise to the establishment
of various kinds of traditional medicine with unique
theory and practice, such as traditional Chinese
medicine, Indian medicine and Arabian medicine, etc.
Among these traditional systems of medicine, traditional
Chinese medicine is a most extraordinary one based on
which traditional Korean medicine and Japanese medicine
have
evolved.
Even
in the 21st century, traditional medicine is still of
great vitality. In spite of the fast development of
modern medicine, traditional medicine is still
disseminated far and wide. In many developing countries,
most of the people in the rural areas still depend on
traditional medicine and traditional medical
practitioners to meet the need for primary healthcare.
Eve4n in the countries with advanced modern medicine,
more and more people have begun to accept traditional
medicine and other therapeutic methods, such as
homeopathy, osteopathy and naturopathy, etc.
With
the change of the economy, culture and living style in
various regions as well as the aging in the world
population, the disease spectrum has changed. And such a
change has paved the way for the new application of
traditional medicine. Besides, the new requirements
initiated by the new diseases and the achievements and
limitations of modern medicine have also created
challenges for traditional medicine.
WHO
sensed the importance of traditional medicine to human
health early in the 1970s and have made great efforts to
develop traditional medicine. At the 29th
world health congress held in 1976, the item of
traditional medicine was adopted in the working plan of
WHO. In the following world health congresses, a series
of resolutions were passed to demand the member
countries to develop, utilize and study traditional
medicine according to their specific conditions so as to
reduce medical expenses for the realization of ¡°health
for all¡±.
WHO
has laid great stress on the scientific content, safe
and effective application of traditional medicine. It
has published and distributed a series of booklets on
the scientific, safe an effective use of herbs and
acupuncture and moxibustion. It has also made great
contributions to the international standardization of
traditional medical terms. The safe and effective
application of traditional medicine has much to do with
the skills of traditional medicine practitioners. That
is why WHO has made great efforts to train them. Who has
run 27 collaborating centers in the world which have
made great contributions to the training of
acupuncturists and traditional medical practitioners.
Nanjing University of TCM and Shanghai University of TCM
run the collaborating centers with WHO. In recent years
it has, with the cooperation of WHO and other countries,
trained about ten thousand international students from
over 90 countries.
In
order to further promote the dissemination of
traditional Chinese medicine in the world. A Newly
Compiled Practical English-Chinese Library of
Traditional Chinese Medicine compiled by Nanjing
University of TCM with Professor Zuo Yanfu as the
general compiler-in-chief and published by the
publishing House of Shanghai University of TCM, aims at
systematic, accurate an concise expounding of
traditional Chinese medical theory and introducing
clinical therapeutic methods of traditional medicine
according to modern medical nomenclature of diseases.
Undoubtedly, this series of books will be the practical
textbooks for the beginners with certain English level
an the international enthusiasts with certain level of
Chinese to study traditional Chinese medicine. Besides,
this series of books can also serve as reference books
for WHO to internationally standardize the nomenclature
of acupuncture and moxibustion.
The
scientific, safe an effective use of traditional
medicaine will certainly further promote the development
of traditional medicine and traditional medicine will
undoubtedly make mor and more contributions to human
health in the 21st
century.
Zhang
Xiaorui
WHO Coordination Officer
December,2000
Contents
1.1
The Relationship between the Eyes and the Viscera
1.2
Diagnostic Essentials
1.2.1
Diagnostic Methods in ophthalmology
1.2.2
Common Syndrome-differentiating Methods in
Ophthalmology
1.3
Introduction to the Treatment
1.3.3
Common Oral Drugs in Ophthalmology
2
Discussion of Specific Diseases
2.2.2
Acute Dacryocystitis
2.3
Disorders of Bulbar Conjunctiva
2.3.1
Acute Catarrhal Conjunctivitis
2.3.2
Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis
2.3.3
Spring Conjunctivitis
2.3.4
Phlyctenular Conjunctivitis
2.4.1
Bacterial Corneal Ulcer
2.4.2
Herpes Simplex Keratitis
2.5.2
Acute Angle-closure Glaucoma
2.5.3
Primary Open-angle Glaucoma
2.5.5
Obstruction of Retinal Artery
2.5.6
Retinal Vein Obstruction
2.5.7
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
2.5.8
Pigmentary Degeneration of Retina
2.5.9
Senile Macular Degeneration
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